Psychology is a branch of science that studies the mind and behavior of individuals. It involves the study of feelings and thoughts, and conscious and unconscious phenomena. Its scope is enormous and crosses over into other fields, such as the natural sciences. The field of psychology has been evolving over the years and many scientists are interested in learning more about it.
Sigmund Freud
One of the most important psychologists in history, Sigmund Freud is known as the “Father of Psychology.” He focused on the unconscious mind and human drives. He taught that every human being has a “bad side,” or a set of instinctive impulses that can lead to destructive behavior. These impulses are known as the id and ego. Sigmund Freud’s research on this subject led him to develop his theory on the development of personality and the human psyche.
Freud’s work was influential, affecting the entire field of psychology. He gave rise to many concepts and ideas that are still used today. For example, talk therapy is a popular treatment for many mental health problems.
Carl Jung
Jung’s work is characterized by the mystical nature of his ideas. In his book, “Red Book,” he describes the “confrontation of the unconscious” which he experienced in his own life. This account of his fantasies, imaginings and induced hallucinations is accompanied by his own colour illustrations. His work has received criticism from some critics, though, for being too mystical and esoteric for the common man.
Jung was an avid reader of ancient literature and studied Latin as a child. He was also able to read most of the modern languages of western Europe as well as Sanskrit, the language of the original Hindu holy books. During his school years, he was a loner. He disliked school and could not tolerate competition. Despite this, he continued his psychotherapeutic work. He later moved to Basel, Switzerland, where he was subjected to a lot of jealous harassment from fellow students. He began using his illness as an excuse to avoid the pressure.
Jean Piaget
Jean Piaget was a French scientist who received his Ph.D. in natural science from the University of Neuchatel. In addition, he studied briefly at the University of Zurich. While in Zurich, he published two philosophical papers. But these papers were dismissed as the work of adolescent minds. Piaget’s interest in psychoanalysis began to grow during this time. He later moved to Paris, where he worked with Alfred Binet. While there, he conducted interviews and studies of schoolchildren. He also developed the Binet intelligence test.
Jean Piaget was born in Neuchatel, Switzerland, and was the son of a historian. He published his first article at age 11 and eventually went on to publish over 50 books. While in Neuchatel, he also worked at a natural-history museum, helping to classify the museum’s collection of mollusks. However, he declined an offer to become a naturalist in the city of Geneva. His father encouraged him to pursue his PhD in philosophy at the Sorbonne.
Ivan Pavlov
Ivan Pavlov was one of the most influential psychologists of the twentieth century. His work changed the way we think about behavior and gave rise to a new scientific field. This field is now called classical conditioning. Pavlov, who was born in 1862, studied how humans and animals respond to certain stimuli. He was a dextrous operator and was extremely strict about his habits. For example, he ate lunch at noon, went to bed at the same time, and fed his dogs at the same time every day. His research lasted more than 30 years.
In his experiments, Pavlov proved that conditioned reflexes arise from the brain’s cerebral cortex. This brain region is responsible for maintaining the delicate equilibrium of an animal with its environment. When an external agent interferes with a normal reflex, it becomes a conditioned signal for a new reflex. Pavlov then began investigating how to artificially produce conditioned reflexes in animals. His research was groundbreaking in that it allowed scientists to observe how our nervous system functions.